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The dyslexia it is a problem of neurobiological origin associated with learning to read and write.
Those who suffer from this disorder agree in arguing that dyslexia prevents the correct reading of words since apparently the letters are altered (blurred or they move on the paper).
This alteration does not indicate that the person with dyslexia has a problem in understanding or that there is some type of mental retardation. On the contrary, generally speaking, people with dyslexia They tend to understand slogans perfectly when they are read by someone else, but cannot process such information when they must read the same slogan themselves.
Who can have dyslexia?
While currently dyslexia it is detected in childhood (from the child's schooling), it is important to say that this difficulty can carry over into adult life. For this reason there are treatments for children and adults with dyslexia.
In certain cases, dyslexia is associated with poor understanding and long-term memory, difficulty distinguishing the right from the left. In addition, problems in space-time understanding may arise.
It is important to indicate that no two identical people have dyslexia. Therefore, each case must be evaluated in a particular way.
Thus, only one type of test to evaluate dyslexia it may be useful for some people and out of date for others.
Examples of tests for dyslexia
1. Piaget and Heat assessment tests (psychomotor)
These tests consist in the application of Piaget and Heat tests to perform a recognition of the body scheme by the child.
2. Laterality assessment tests (psychomotor)
For this, a type of test known as Harri test, through which the predominance of laterality is evaluated. This test is characterized by having short and attractive exercises.
Domination of the hands. The child is asked to imitate with his hands:
- How to throw a ball
- How you brush your teeth
- How to drive a nail
- Sharpen a pencil
- Cut a paper with scissors
- to write
- Cut with a knife
Domination of each foot. For this, you are asked to perform the following tests. You are asked to:
- Write a letter with the foot
- Hopping on one foot
- Turn on one foot
- Walk up and down a step with one foot
- Raise one leg on a chair
Assessments may also be done to observe the eye dominance (observe through a telescope or kaleidoscope) or evaluation of the dominance of one ear (listen with the ear close to the wall or the ground).
3. Space-time assessment test (psychomotor)
An assessment of the child's spatial-temporal perception can be carried out using a gestalt test called Bender test.
4. Online Self-Diagnostic Tools - Screening Assessment
Although this type of tool will not give us an exact result (and the look of a professional who will diagnose later will be accurate), it can be said that this type of test brings us closer to a possible approach to the problem that the person suffers.
This type of test can be used in children between 6 and 11 and ½ years old.
Frequent questions
- Does it take a long time for the child to begin to pronounce the words correctly?
- Do you frequently reverse letters and / or numbers?
- To understand addition or subtraction Do you need visual support? Have you had a hard time understanding these operations?
- Do you need a guide (finger, ruler, etc.) to be able to follow the reading correctly?
- When you write, do you separate words incorrectly and join them with others?
- Is it difficult for you to tell the right from the left?
- Do you have more difficulty reading or writing than other children the same age?
- When writing, do you often leave out the last letter of each word?
- When you write, do you confuse syllables and write them in reverse?
- When you are reading, can't you sit still and need to pick up a pencil, scratch, etc?
In this case the answers can be "yes" or "no". The more affirmative answers the child has, the higher the percentage of dyslexia they have.
5. DST-J
This type of test also applies to children between 6 and 11 and ½ years old. Its mode of application is individual and should last between 25 and 45 minutes.
Through this test, a series of tests consisting of 12 parts is carried out:
- Proof of name
- Coordination test
- Reading test
- Posture stability test
- Phonemic segmentation test
- Rhyming test
- Dictation test
- Reverse Placed Digits Test
- Nonsense reading test
- Copy proof
- Verbal fluency test
- Semantic or vocabulary fluency test
6. Specific dyslexia diagnostic test
Step 1 - Name the letters
Different letters are placed and the person is asked to “indicate the name of each letter”.
Step 2 - Sound of the letters
The same previous procedure is carried out but different letters are placed and the person is asked to make the sound of said letter.
Step 3 - Syllables of the letter
In this case, different letters are placed but the person is asked to mention the correct syllable. For example: "SA"
The exercise can become even more complex if tests of:
- Syllables with single or double-sounding consonants
- Syllables with "U". For example "Gue".
7. EDIL
It is a type of evaluation used to assess reading / writing speed, accuracy, and comprehension.
8. TCP
They are tests that allow evaluating the reading processes in children between 6 and 16 years old.
9. Prolec-R
Through this technique we try understand the reading journey that each reader takes in order to identify where the difficulty comes from.
10. Prolec-SE
This type of test can be performed in children between 6 and 10 years old. Evaluate the semantic, syntactic and lexical processes.
11. T.A.L.E
Make a general assessment of the person to be able to determine in which area the difficulty occurs and assess whether or not it is dyslexia.
It is important to mention that these tests are for guidance only, and the intervention and diagnosis of a professional is always recommended.
