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The substantiated adjective sentences they are sentences that include a subordinate proposition that, lacking an express antecedent (as typically occurs in true adjective propositions, defined precisely for that reason), happens to acquire the function of a noun. For example: Don't tell anyone what I told you yesterday.Â
What characterizes the substantive adjective proposition is the presence of an article preceding the relative or nexus, which is usually the neuter 'lo', which, as is well known, cannot introduce nouns (so it only serves to introduce adjectives or adverbs) .
In substantive adjectival subordinate propositions, the relative has a double function: it is the nexus and also fulfills a specific syntactic function within the subordinate.
Substantiated adjective sentences can always be replaced by a demonstrative pronoun: this, this, this, that, that, that or that or by structures like the what, what, who, etc. Continuing with the previous example: Do not tell anyone that.Â
Summarizing then, in substantive adjective sentences there is a subordinate proposition that lacks an antecedent, so it does not fulfill the function of modifier of the noun (which is the typical function of the adjective), but it fulfills some of the very diverse functions that it can assume the noun within the sentence: subject, direct object, term of some other type of complement or others.
- It can help you: Subordinate substantive clauses
Examples of nounced adjective sentences
In the following examples, the substantivated adjective proposition is marked in bold and the syntactic role played by the proposition is clarified in parentheses:
- They gave away diaries and pens those who got there first. (indirect compliment)
- Those who have not arrived on time today will be seen tomorrow after 2 pm (subject)
- That's which was curious about the case. (mandatory subjective predicative or attribute)
- What you want That's out of my reach. (subject)
- My parents are never proud of what I get. (term of regime complement)
- Tell me what they told you about Marta. (direct complement)
- The one who spoke first is the director. (subject)
- Trust in those who support you and accompany you since childhood. (term of regime complement)
- I'm tired of those who complain but propose nothing (term of regime complement)
- I want to know what they explained to you today in class. (direct complement)
- Those who have parked wrong they must remove their vehicle immediately. (subject)
- The laboratory provided the report to who were interested in knowing those results. (indirect compliment)
- You must stand in front of the ones with white flags. (circumstantial complement term of place)
- This teacher is not the one who gave the course last year. (mandatory subjective predicative or attribute)
- The ruins of the city were visited by those who wished it that way (agent complement term)
- Purchase what you find at a good price. (direct complement)
- I delivered the package to whom you indicated. (indirect compliment)
- The manager explained how the new system works to those who entered to work that day. (indirect compliment)
- Those who disagree they can retire right now. (subject)
- I don't want to hear about The ones who worked for that white-collar criminal. (term of regime complement)
- See also: Subordinate clauses
