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Deposition is the transformation of a gas in a solid. It is a thermodynamic process, that is, it originates from the joint and simultaneous action of heat and pressure.
The reverse process of deposition is the sublimation, that is, the change of state from a solid to a gaseous state. This is why deposition is also called reverse sublimation.
Since the deposition process releases energy, it is an exothermic phase (state) change.
There are various deposition processes, some natural (which manifest spontaneously in nature) and others deliberately carried out through technological processes that allow creating objects of pure substances, or use a solid product to coat different objects.
Chemical Vapor Deposition: Chemical process to produce products of high purity and performance.
Physical Vapor Deposition: It is a vacuum coating technique that allows a thin layer of a material to be deposited on an object.
Examples of deposition
- Anti-reflective- Magnesium fluoride deposition is used on optical lenses to achieve anti-reflective effects.
- Solar cells: the deposition of a film is used, through chemical deposition.
- Electric connections- Metal deposition is used to cover electrical connections in integrated circuits.
- Synthetic diamonds: they are produced from gaseous carbon atoms, through chemical deposition.
- Silicon dioxide: it becomes solid from the gases silane, oxygen, dichlorosilane and nitrous oxide, through chemical deposition.
- Electrical conduction: metallic films, transparent conductive oxides, superconducting Films and coatings are created through chemical deposition.
- Semiconductor devices: semiconductor films, electrically insulating films are applied through chemical deposition.
- Frost: In sub-frozen air, the water vapor changes directly to ice, without turning into a liquid.
- Tools- Titanium nitride deposition is used to prevent tool wear.
- Energy conservation and generation: Low-E glass coatings, solar absorption coatings, mirrors, thin-film photovoltaic solar cells, smart films are applied through chemical deposition.
- Acid rain: sulfur oxide and nitrogen residues are released into the atmosphere by various industries, where they are converted into nitric and sulfuric acid. These substances fall as solid particles to the ground (dry deposition) or together with rain or snow. Acid rain has disastrous effects on different ecosystems, both aquatic and terrestrial, in addition to increasing the corrosion of buildings.
- Snow: In sub-frozen air, the water vapor changes directly to ice, without becoming liquid.
- Silicon nitride: becomes solid from silicon and ammonia, through chemical deposition.
- Magnetic films: applied through chemical deposition.
- Optical films: anti-reflective coatings, optical filters can be applied on various optical products (photography, filming, vision) through chemical deposition.
- Plisilicon: becomes solid from silane gas, through chemical deposition.
- Tribological coating: hard coatings, erosion resistant coatings, lubricating films are created through chemical deposition.
- Reflective coatings: mirrors, hot mirrors can be manufactured through chemical deposition.
- It can serve you:Examples of Fusion, Solidification, Evaporation, Sublimation and Condensation
