Content
Aoxide is a chemical compound that arises from combinations of a metallic element or non-metallic with oxygen. In the chemical formulation, the reagent (metal + oxygen) is assumed on the left side and the product formed from it on the right side. For example, the combination of calcium and oxygen will precisely produce calcium oxide.
In fact, usually oxides are formed in cases where chemical elements combine with air or water, which have a large presence of oxygen: this causes wear on the elements, especially when it comes to metals. To remedy this, antioxidant substances are often used.
Within oxides, a classification is usually made according to the element with which oxygen is combined:
- Basic oxides: compound product of the combination of a metal element with oxygen.
- Acid oxides: compound product of the combination of a nonmetal element with oxygen.
- Amphoteric oxide: an amphoteric element is involved in the compound, so the oxides act as acids or bases.
Nomenclature
To name these types of substances, there are three options of ways to do it:
The traditional nomenclature (or stoichiometric): It is one that names the valence of the specific name element, through a series of prefixes and suffixes. The way each oxide is named varies according to the amount of valences the element has.
- When the element has only one valence, the oxide will be called ‘oxide (and the element with the built-in suffix‘ ico ’, such as potassium oxide)’
- When the element has two valences, the oxide will be called ‘oxide (and the element with the built-in suffix‘ ico ’, such as ferric oxide) 'For the major valence, and' oxide (and the element with the built-in suffix 'bear', such as ferrous oxide)’
- When the element has three valences, the oxide will be called 'oxide (and the element with the prefix' hiccup 'and the suffix' bear ', like the hyposulfurous oxide) ’For the lowest valence, it will be called‘ oxide (and the element with the suffix ‘bear’, like the sulfurous oxide) for the intermediate valence, and ‘oxide (and the element with the embedded suffix‘ ico ’, such as sulfuric oxide)’
- When the element has four valences, the oxide will be called:
- ‘Oxide (and the element with the prefix‘ hiccup ’and the suffix‘ bear ’)’ for the lowest valence. For example, oxidehypochlorous.
- ‘Oxide (and the element with the suffix‘ bear ’) for the second smallest valence. For example, chlorous oxide.
- ‘Oxide (and the element with the embedded suffix‘ ’’) ’for the second largest valence. For example, chloric oxide.
- ‘Oxide (and the element with the prefix‘ per ’and the suffix‘ ’’) ’for the largest valence. For example, perchloric oxide.
The systematic nomenclature It is simpler than the traditional one, and the oxide and the element are named, but before each one of them is written the number of atoms it has in that molecule. The prefix 'mono' will be for a single atom, the prefix 'di' for two, the 'tri' for three, the 'tetra' for four, the 'penta' for five, the 'hexa' for six, the 'hepta 'for seven and the' octo 'for eight. This group includes, for example, the dichopper monoxide, the dialuminium trioxide, the carbon dioxide, or the difluorine monoxide.
The Stock nomenclatureFinally, it is based on writing the word oxide, followed by the name of the metal and the oxidation or valence number with which it works, between parentheses and in Roman numerals. Analogously to the traditional nomenclature, it will be written chlorine oxide (I) for hypochlorous oxide, chlorine (II) oxide for chlorous oxide, chlorine (III) oxide for chloric oxide, and chlorine (IV) oxide for perchloric oxide.
Follow with:
- How are acids named?
